Posted on 31st January, 2020

Soon electronic devices will be of much smaller size. Thanks to Nano – switches.

Finally, scientists have come out with graphene Nanomachines.

The modern world will be soon filled with billions of Nanoelectronic device and the entire credit goes to the researchers. Inbuilt microphones within laptops, micromirrors within digital projectors and many other things like that have already been discovered.

What’s next?

Now the scientist wants to create even smaller devices, with the ideal size of a few micrometres, which is very tiny compared to their standard size. In spite of being small, the switches will work efficiently in logic gates and memory devices, thus building the future of Nanodevices and making it more powerful.

All this while, the tiny machines were placed within silicon chips, which reduced its efficiency, once it started getting reduced in size and this mostly because they seeped current when they were turned off. But now, the researchers have found a better option to increase the efficiency of such nanomachines which is made up of graphene switch.

What is the benefit of using graphene switch?

The benefit of using is that it can be placed very easily within the silicon chips. Also, it is easy to shape on a nanometer scale, nor does it leak current after it is turned off.
Reference picture

Problems are there of course. Otherwise, how will you reach your destination?

Well, the major problem of using graphene is that, as soon as it comes in contact with silicon, it tends to stick with it. So, once it sticks with it completely, it is impossible to switch it off once again.

This problem has been called stiction. Research is still going on to fix this issue but no suitable solution has been found yet.

Finally, the scientists of Japan Advanced institute of science and technology found a reliable solution. They introduced graphene-based nanoelectronic devices which are able to act efficiently both as a switch and logic gates.

A very simple method is used. All they did is, coated a silicon chip by nanocrystalline graphene and once it sticks to the surface of the chip, they coat it with hydrogen silsesquioxane, which is further transformed into various shapes as per the requirement of the device. Above it, another layer of graphene is placed.

They follow a simple trick over here. All they do is create a bar shape with the top layer of graphene which is fixed by electrodes on both sides. Then, the underlying hydrogen silsesquioxane layer is removed from the graphene bar for leaving it suspended on top of the graphene layer.

The force created between the two possible layer helps in further bending the bar towards the chip and as soon as it reaches the lower surface it creates a circuit which can be explored both for logic and data storage purpose. Since the surface that comes in contact are made with graphene, it doesn’t stick to each other. Switching it off takes back to its earlier position.

According to the researcher, this device is able to work even in low voltage, which can be as low as 1.5 volts. Challenges are obviously here as well, like the size of the graphene and its distance from the lower layer needs to be determined for achieving the desired switching. But again, once they get the perfect solution for it, more complex devices can be created.

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